TheEurocode1(EN1991)providesessentialguidelinesforthedesignofbridgesundervariousactions.Specifically,EN1991-2focusesontrafficloadsandotheractionsapplicabletobridgestructures.ThissectionmustbeusedinconjunctionwithEN1991-1-1(clauses1.3to1.7),whichcoversgeneralactionsonstructures,andEN1990AppendixA2,whichoutlinesthebasisofstructuraldesignforbridges.EN1991-2definescharacteristicloads,dynamicfactors,andloadmodelsforroad,rail,andpedestrianbridges.Italsoaddressesaccidentalactions(e.g.,vehiclecollisions)andthermaleffects.EN1991-1-1complementsthisbydetailingpermanent,imposed,andenvironmentalloads.EN1990AppendixA2providespartialsafetyfactors,combinationsofactions,andreliabilityrequirementsspecifictobridgedesign.Together,thesestandardsensureaharmonizedapproachtobridgedesignacrossEurope,balancingsafety,serviceability,andeconomicefficiency.Designersmustcarefullyapplytheloadmodelsandcombinationstoaccountforrealistictrafficconditionsandlong-termperformance.