Abandgapreferenceisavoltagereferencecircuitwidelyusedinanalogandmixed-signalintegratedcircuits.Itgeneratesastablereferencevoltagethatremainsrelativelyconstantdespitevariationsintemperature,powersupply,andprocessconditions.Thename"bandgap"comesfromitsprincipleofcompensatingthenegativetemperaturecoefficientofaPNjunctionwiththepositivetemperaturecoefficientofthermalvoltage(kT/q),resultinginareferencevoltageclosetothesiliconbandgapenergy(~1.25Vatroomtemperature).Bandgapreferencesareessentialcomponentsindataconverters,voltageregulators,andotherprecisionanalogsystemsduetotheirabilitytoprovideaccurateandtemperature-independentreferences.Modernbandgapdesignscanachieveverylowtemperaturecoefficients(e.g.,<10ppm/°C)andgoodpowersupplyrejection.