Interleukin-17(IL-17)signalingpathwaysplayacrucialroleinimmuneresponses,particularlyininflammationandhostdefensemechanisms.TheIL-17familyconsistsofsixmembers(IL-17AtoIL-17F),withIL-17AandIL-17Fbeingthemoststudied.ThesecytokinesareprimarilyproducedbyThelper17(Th17)cellsandotherimmunecells.TheIL-17signalingpathwayisinitiatedwhenIL-17bindstoitsreceptor,IL-17R,aheterodimericcomplexcomposedofIL-17RAandIL-17RCsubunits.ThisbindingtriggerstherecruitmentoftheadaptorproteinAct1(NF-κBactivator1)throughaSEFIRdomaininteraction.Act1thenrecruitsTRAF6(TNFreceptor-associatedfactor6),leadingtotheactivationofdownstreamsignalingcascades,includingNF-κB,MAPK,andC/EBPpathways.Thesepathwaysinducetheexpressionofpro-inflammatorycytokines,chemokines,andantimicrobialpeptides,amplifyingimmuneresponses.DysregulationofIL-17signalingisassociatedwithvariousautoimmuneandinflammatorydiseases,suchaspsoriasis,rheumatoidarthritis,andmultiplesclerosis.UnderstandingthesepathwaysprovidesinsightsintopotentialtherapeutictargetsformodulatingIL-17-mediatedimmuneresponses.
