SkoposandCommissioninTranslationActionTheconceptsof"skopos"and"commission"arecentraltofunctionalistapproachesintranslationstudies,particularlywithintheSkoposTheorydevelopedbyHansJ.Vermeer.**Skopos**referstothepurposeorgoalofatranslation,emphasizingthattheintendedfunctionofthetargettextdeterminesthetranslationstrategies.Unliketraditionalequivalence-basedtheories,SkoposTheoryprioritizesthecommunicativepurposeoverstrictlinguisticfidelity.Thetranslatormustconsidertheexpectationsofthetargetaudienceandthecontextinwhichthetextwillbeused.**Commission**(or"translationbrief")involvestheinstructionsorrequirementsprovidedbytheclientorinitiatorofthetranslation.Itspecifiestheintendedskopos,outliningthetargetaudience,textfunction,andotherrelevantconstraints.Aclearcommissionensuresthetranslatoralignsthetranslationwiththeclient'sneeds.Together,skoposandcommissionguidetranslatorsinmakingpurposefuldecisions,ensuringthefinalproductmeetsitsintendedcommunicativegoals.Thisfunctionalistperspectivehighlightsthedynamic,context-dependentnatureoftranslation.
