Pyroglutamicacid(alsoknownas5-oxoprolineorpidolicacid)isacyclicaminoacidderivativeformedfromglutamicacidorglutaminethroughintramolecularcyclization.Itplaysimportantrolesinvariousbiologicalprocesses,includingproteinsynthesis,neurotransmitterregulation,andasanintermediateintheglutathionecycle.Pyroglutamicacidexistsintwostereoisomericforms(L-andD-),withtheL-formbeingbiologicallymoresignificant.It'sfoundnaturallyinmanyproteinsandpeptides,andhasapplicationsincosmetics,pharmaceuticals,andasanutritionalsupplement.Thecompoundwasfirstidentifiedin1882byheatingglutamicacid,whichexplainsits"pyro"prefix(fromtheGreekforfire).
