Smartmaterialsandstructuresrepresentacutting-edgefieldinengineeringandmaterialsscience,focusingonmaterialsthatcandynamicallyrespondtoexternalstimulisuchastemperature,pressure,electricity,ormagneticfields.Thesematerialspossessuniquepropertiesthatenablethemtoadapt,self-heal,orchangetheircharacteristicsinreal-time,makingtheminvaluableforapplicationsinaerospace,civilengineering,biomedicaldevices,androbotics.Byintegratingsensors,actuators,andcontrolsystems,smartstructuresenhanceperformance,efficiency,andsafety.Examplesincludeshape-memoryalloys,piezoelectricmaterials,andmagnetostrictivecomposites.Thisinterdisciplinaryfieldcontinuestoevolve,drivinginnovationinsustainableandintelligentsystems.
