the pparαp16ink4a pathway inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by repressing cell cycle-dependent telomerase acti

Thep16INK4apathwayplaysacrucialroleinregulatingvascularsmoothmusclecell(VSMC)proliferationbysuppressingcellcycleprogressionandtelomeraseactivity.Thispathwayactsasakeyinhibitorofcellcycle-dependenttelomeraseactivation,therebymaintainingvascularhomeostasisandpreventingexcessiveVSMCproliferation.Byrepressingtelomeraseactivityduringthecellcycle,thep16INK4apathwaycontributestothecontrolofvascularremodelingandmayhaveimplicationsforunderstandingcardiovasculardiseasesandaging-relatedvasculardisorders.ThismechanismhighlightstheimportanceofcellcyclecheckpointsinregulatingVSMCbehaviorandmaintainingvascularintegrity.